> > I think completely pointing shift_jis to the windows 932 behavior would maybe break others, but I don't know for sure. I remember that some XML parser (i.e., Crimson) uses "shift_jis" as defined in JIS X 0208. Since Java programs work on more than one platform, some of them probably stick to JIS X0208 rather than using Windows-31J. Cheers, -- MURATA Makoto <murata@hokkaido.email.ne.jp>